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ELEMENTS OF ART

  • Color: what the eye sees when light reflects off an object
  • Form: an object that has three dimensions; it has volume, mass, and shape
  • Line: the path of a moving point through space whose length is much greater than its width
  • Shape: geometric or free-form area clearly set off by one or more of the other elements of art
  • Space: the distance between, around, above, below, and within things
  • Texture: the surface quality, either actual or simulated, in a work of art
  • Value: light and dark; value contrasts help us see and understand three-dimensions

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN

  • Balance: the distribution of visual weight in a work of art; can be symmetrical or non-symmetrical
  • Contrast: the differences in the values, colors, shapes, and other elements
  • Emphasis: used by artists to create dominance and focus in a work of art
  • Movement: creates the look and feeling of action; helps guide the viewer’s eye around the work 
  • Pattern: the planned or random repetition of other elements of art in a work
  • Rhythm: the repetition of visual movement using other elements of art
  • Unity: the arrangement of elements and principles to create a feeling of completeness
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